【ACY证券】日元暴涨!最弱货币却有最强动力!
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">上周五美盘与今日亚盘期间,全球股市集体快速反弹(包括日经指数),主要原因是日元的暴涨。这正是我们之前提到过的,虽然美国加息主导金融市场的大方向,但欧洲和日本的消息面同样能触发价格巨震。</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"> </span><br><br>data/attachment/portal/202210/24/151114bvfjqnjlnvfttf4s.jpg<br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">USDJPY一小时图</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">上周五晚间,在美日汇率触及</span>1</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">52</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">关口后,有传闻称日本央行开始</span>“隐秘”干预汇率,触发日元短时间内大涨3</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">.5</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">%(兑美元汇率)。最近外汇分析之所以一直将日元排除在外,就是因为日元存在这种暴涨的黑天鹅可能。那么今天我们就来聊一聊日元的特殊之处。</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">不少交易者认为导致日元贬值的主因是美日的国债利差,其实不尽然。就拿英国来说,英债利率超过美债,但是英镑却在持续贬值。所以市场真正的规律是,无风险美债利率提高,美元需求上升,导致所有非美货币集体贬值。</span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日元之所以贬值得最严重,当前的负利率只是一小部分原因,更大的原因在于央行无法在</span>“明面上”采用紧缩的货币政策(加息与缩表)。</span></span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span><br><br>data/attachment/portal/202210/24/151117kz46iqq6hqlqj1yi.jpg<br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日本政府庞大的负债规模</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">自从泡沫经济崩溃后,日本经历了长达</span>3</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年的经济缓慢增长。为了支撑境内需求,日本央行从</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">000</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年便开执行低利率政策。也正是从</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">000</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年起,日本政府依靠低利率不断发行国债刺激经济。政府负债规模占</span>GDP比例由此不断升高,并突破了国际公认的1</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">00</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">%红线,而目前这个数字很可能已经超过了3</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">00</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">%。由于低通胀一直没有好转,日本央行于2</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">016</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年进一步降息,开始实行负利率政策,央行的资产表也在随后几年里飙升了整整四倍。这一切都说明了日本有着庞大的低利率债务,在日本政府的财政支出中有</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">%是用来支付国债利息。</span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">一旦央行开始加息,日本政府就需要在未来支付更高的利息(发新债偿旧债)。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">拿十年期国债来说,目前的年息是</span>0</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">.25</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">%,一旦加息至1%,日本政府就需要支付4倍的利息。</span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">当下不管是日本央行还是政府,都不能轻言紧缩,至少在态度上还是要坚定宽松。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"> </span><br><br>data/attachment/portal/202210/24/151109camazq3ifffzso8q.jpg<br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日本</span>5</span></span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0 </span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年的财政赤字</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">有意思的是,同样长年实施负利率的丹麦和瑞士为什么就能在</span>9月份大幅加息,结束负利率政策?关键还是看政府有没有钱。虽然日本GDP保持长期稳定增长,但由于政府的负债是在太高,多数税收都拿来填补国债的缺口,因此日本也维持了长达5</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年的财政赤字(除了</span>9</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年前后),</span> 也就是政府入不敷出。相比之下,丹麦和瑞士近年来财政稳定,</span> 更有能力挺过加息的经济震荡期。由此可见,</span></span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日本很难通过政策紧缩的手段来控制日元汇率,这种观点已经纳入市价中,是日元单向贬值的主要原因。</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">那么最近传出来的日本央行的干预又从何而来?这份干预来源于外汇储备。一个国家在国际贸易中都会有换汇的需求。对于日本出口商来说,收到的货款是美元,但支付的成本是日元,出口商在收到美元后,会将其交给日本银行,从而兑换日元循环生产。而这部分美元就成了日本的外汇储备。日本的出口越多进口越少,外汇储备便越高。</span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">央行干预的手段也非常直接,就是通过卖出外汇储备,也就是卖美元买日元,来提振日元的汇率(需求提高,汇率上升)。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">由于日本的美元外汇储备规模全球第二,仅次于中国,因此最近政府一直在暗示日本有无限量弹药以支撑日元的汇率。</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"> </span><br><br>data/attachment/portal/202210/24/151124zywftzuouyu2bwi3.jpg<br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日本外汇储备与贸易逆差</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">话虽如此,但是由图可见,从</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">1</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年年底开始,</span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">由于进口能源价格飙升,贸易逆差水平大幅走弱,带动外汇储备总量一同下滑,触及</span>1</span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">年来最低点。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">日本所谓的</span>“无限”资金非但不是无懈可击,反而异常地脆弱。不仅如此,央行在吸收美元后,不是简单地全部持有美元现金,而是将绝大多数用于购买美国国债,这也让日本成为了美国第二大债主。</span></span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">因此在央行干预日元时,一旦耗尽美元现金储备,就会开始抛售美国国债,造成资本市场进一步动荡,加大控制日元汇率的难度。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">从交易策略来看,日元的波动非常难以预测,短线虽然有看涨潜力,但是中长线的方向还是要看日本政府与央行的态度。看跌日元的交易者一定要做好移动止损的设置,避免像上周五那样随消息面暴涨的行情。</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"> </span><br><br>data/attachment/portal/202210/24/151121jrgk99rqketid9r9.jpg<br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">JP</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">225</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">一小时图</span></i><i><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">虽然日元涨跌要分情况讨论,但在多数情况下,不管是美元涨还是日元涨,日经指数都会承受巨大压力。从日经指数一小时图来看,受到上周五消息面影响,日经指数并没有像其他指数那样单边上涨,而是大幅震荡走高,并在</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">7300</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">前高点关口止步不前。指标方面,</span>OBV能量潮指标持续下滑,和价格呈现背离,说明上升动能并不充分,难以突破前高点的封锁。</span></span><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">考虑到大方向还是以美元看涨为主,资产市场很难有强势表现,因此看跌日经指数是短线胜率较高的策略选择。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">交易策略可以采用</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">7300</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">位置的左侧做空,目标位置可以看</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">6800</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">和</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">6300</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">关口。更为稳妥的策略则是等待指数跌破</span>2</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">7000</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">大关,顺势右侧入场空单,胜率更高的同时,持单的时间也能够更长。</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">今日关注数据</span> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">1</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">6</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">:</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">00 </span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">欧元区</span>1</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">月制造业与服务业</span>PMI</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0.0000pt;background:rgb(255,255,255);"><span style="font-size:16.5px;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">1</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">6</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">:</span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">30 </span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">英国</span>1</span></span><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑;">0</span><span 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