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标题: 如何应对涉及法律及犯罪类的写作话题 [打印本页]

作者: 乔同林 时间: 2015-4-2 17:02
标题: 如何应对涉及法律及犯罪类的写作话题

<div><span style="font-size:14px;">A类的雅思大作文大致可以分为教育，社会，科技，政府政策，大众媒体，法律和犯罪这么六大类的题目，而其中学生们普遍反映最怵的，感觉最无从下手的题目当属法律与犯罪类型的题目。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">截至到08年12月22日为止，在1月12日，8月16日以及10月11日的考试均出现了法律，犯罪的题目。虽然说出题频率相对来说并不是非常的频繁，但是如果学生在备考中没有进行合理有效的对此类话题具有针对性的总结和复习的话，相信很难在写作中取得什么理想的分数（参加了这几次考试中济南的学员的分数普遍不是非常的理想）。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">而纵观市面上大量的雅思写作指导，烤鸭备考秘笈这些针对不同层次，不同水平的学生而编辑的雅思丛书中，我们也很难看到针对犯罪这类题目的一些教学及复习指导。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">在此篇论文中，我将就法律与犯罪所涉及的一些常见话题给大家从其内容，语言逐一进行分析，希望雅思教师们或者烤鸭们能够从中受益。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1.Can capital punishment (death penalty) ever be justified?</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">是否应该有死刑？</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">这个题目可以说是一谈到法律犯罪这一大类话题时，最会经常谈到的问题。对于大多数中国雅思考生，尤其是高中生，大学生，如果没有事先经过精心准备的话，对这个题目恐怕只能是傻眼了。关于这个话题，大致可以分成以下这几个分论点来展开：</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Arguments against capital punishment</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1.死刑只是对罪犯的一种处罚，而并不能够将犯罪行为中受害者生命挽回，或者赔偿其所遭受的伤害</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Capital punishment, which even though manages to bring the criminals to justice, could by no means compensate for physical, mental and psychological sufferings inflicted on victims, or in some extreme cases, bring back their lives.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2.无论一个人犯多大的错误，其他人都无权剥夺其生命。（人权）</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">It is entirely unjustified to deprive one of his/her rights to live regardless of how insanely severe and cruel the offenses he/she has committed are. （This subject matter has boiled to the controversial issue of human rights）</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">3. 死刑犯的尸体的处理（是否可以用于器官移植等等）将是一个非常具有争议的道德问题。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">How the body of the deceased criminal is going to be disposed of (used for organ transplant, for instance) will be bound to raise grave both ethical and social implications.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Arguments for capital punishment</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1. 如果死刑犯没有受到最为严厉的惩罚，那么这对受害者是不公平的。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">It would be only fair for the victims if the criminals are subject to the greatest fear of all- death.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2.如果死刑取消的话，那么很多潜在的罪犯就不会顾忌做出一些极为可怕的犯罪行为。</span></div>
<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">If capital punishment is ever to be done away with, the potential wrong-doers wouldn’t be deterred from committing staggeringly serious offenses among which serial murder proves particularly appalling.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2.Should criminals be sent to prisons or placed on education and job retraining?</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">类似的题目之前曾经考过，而在今年的1月12日再次出现。对于这个题目，很多学生会非常容易的陷入一个陷阱(pitfall)，那就是认为说如果让学生接受教育或就业培训的话，那就是等同于有充分的人身自由了。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">其实不然，这里的教育或就业培训并不代表说把囚犯与普通的学生或接受培训者一样等同的对待，而是一样的要限制他们的自由，只不过说不像在监狱里整天关在牢房里无所事事，而是要接受教育和培训。关于这个题目，其实就变成了一个两者之间的对比，可以从以下几个方面进行论述。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Arguments for prison:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1. 监狱同教育或就业培训相比有很强的阻吓作用，这样可以有效的抑制犯罪率的上升。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">In stark contrast to placing criminals on educational courses or employment retraining, prisons appeared more effective in deterring potential, would-be wrongdoers from committing crimes, thus drastically decreasing the likelihood of rising crime rate.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2. 监狱更多的对罪犯来说是一种惩罚，因此能够避免再犯。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Being locked up behind the bars is a punitive measure imposed on criminals who are highly unlikely to turn into a recidivist in consideration of their fear of setting foot into jails ever again.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">Arguments for education and job retraining</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1. 罪犯在监狱里所被包围的是一群囚犯，这对罪犯的改造不是好的，反而是不好的影响。接受教育可以让罪犯在一个积极的环境里，真正的意识到对与错。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">“Captivity of negativity” is a terminology intended to describe the destructive, rather than constructive impact on criminals who are locked up in prison, surrounded by people who probably have committed even more serious charges. Education serves to correct any misconception or eliminate twisted thoughts they have by immersing them in a positive environment.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2. 大多数罪犯往往是没有什么文化知识和生存技能，出狱后通常很难找到工作。教育和就业培训能够让他们在日后的生活中靠自己生存下去，而不至于因为没有收入来源而再次误入歧途。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">A significant proportion of criminals are sadly illiterate without adequate fundamental knowledge and survival skills and it wouldn’t be easy for them to find a decent job after being released from the jail. With convenient access to education and job retraining, they are able to survive by themselves, greatly reducing the chance of becoming a recidivist in times when they are financially challenged.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">3.Should individual choices interfere with the society that is based on rules and laws</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">这是今年10月11号的考题，这道题目主要讨论的核心是一种矛盾。那就是社会始终是以法规和法律为基础的，而有时社会的利益往往是与个人的选择相矛盾的。当这种矛盾发生时，应该将哪一个放在首位？为什么？</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">这次考试结束后，我曾经与几个参与考试的学生讨论过，很多学生的反映就是这个题目其实并不难，但就是不知道如何下手。还有某位学生直接就举了一个我们不能随便杀人，因为这是违反法律的事情的这样一个例子。其实，这个题目最为关键的是两点：如何去法律的范围还有就是要找到一个合适法律与个人选择发生冲突的这么一个结合点。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">我对这个题目的段落结构以及内容的理解如下：</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">1.这种矛盾的产生主要是因为法律法规是从大众和国家的利益出发，而个人利益则绝大多数情况下是站在个人角度考虑问题的。一个有利于个人的问题如果给其他人造成了无谓的伤害，则是不应该允许的。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">The conflict of public interest and personal interest accounts largely for the issue of the extent to which is the interference of personal choices justified with the society governed by rules and laws.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">这里我们可以举一个例子，就知识产权（Intellectual Property Rights）.很多人都会去网络上下载免费电影，音乐以及电子书。这样做的原因就是正版(authentic copy)相对中国消费者来说太贵。虽然说这看起来合情合理，大多数人都会从中受益，但是这也同时伤害到了娱乐明星们（celebrities）和唱片公司的利益，所以这时候应该以法律为根本，杜绝这种行为。</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">2.反过来说，我们不可否认个别特别情况下法律也应该给正当的个人选择让步</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">On the other hand, rules and laws should give in to personal choices in some special cases.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">比如说，开车送心脏病突然发作的人赶往医院。尽管说途中司机可能会闯红灯（run red lights，会造成一定的交通混乱，甚至说还有发生交通事故的可能。但是这样一种行为我认为应该被理解（tolerated）. 这是出于法律之外的，但是又合乎情理的。</span></div>
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<div><span style="font-size:14px;">当然，这种法律的让步是有限的，很多时候确实很难判断。所以，无论是法律还是个人选择，最终都是从应该是整体的利益出发.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size:14px;"> </span><div><span style="font-size:14px;">以上就是我对三个比较典型的法律犯罪类的题目的讲解，希望能够帮助到在紧张备考雅思的考生们。 </span></div>

作者: 圣浠饭 时间: 2015-7-3 11:41
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作者: aqddwlzx 时间: 2015-7-3 18:25